ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare the subjective perception of surgeons with 4K-resolution(4K) and three-dimensional(3D) systems in the laparoscopic colorectal surgery.METHODS: A self-filling questionnaire survey wasdeveloped in the surgeons between August 2018 and February 2019 in Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,RuijinHospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The data of questionnaires from surgeons indifferent position( major surgeons,first assistants,scopists) who performed laparoscopic colorectal surgeries with 4K,3D and 2D systems were collected. The questionnaires concerning asthenopia,motion sickness,topographical orientation,control coordination of visual angle,visual acuity,radiance,resolution ratio,depth description,color resolution,sense ofcontrols,optimum viewing distance,frames and refresh rate and contrast.RESULTS: There were 124 questionnairesscreened eligibility in the survey. Among them,there were 38 questionnaires for 2D group,43 questionnaires for 3D group and 43 questionnaires for 4 K group.(1)Overall comparison of the subjective scores:In the three groups,therewere significant difference in control coordination of visual angle,visual acuity,resolution ratio,depth description,color resolution,optimum viewing distance,frames andrefresh rate(P<0.05).(2)Subjective scores betweenmajor surgeons:In the three groups,there weresignificant difference in resolution ratio,depth description,color resolution and sense of controls(P<0.05);the most advantages could be found on resolution ratio andcolor resolution in 4 K group,and also could be found on depth description and sense of controls in 3 D group.(3)Subjective scores between first assistants: In the three groups,there were significant difference in asthenopia,controlcoordination of visual angle,resolution ratio,depth description,sense of controls,frames and refresh rate(P<0.05);In 4K group,it showed advantages on control coordination of visual angle and resolution ratio. Motion sickness was morepronounced in 3D group,but the most advantages could be found on depth description and sense of controls.(4)Subjective scores between scopists: In the three groups,there were significant difference in visual acuity,resolution ratio,depth description,sense of controls,optimum viewing distance and contrast(P<0.05). The most advantages could befound on visual acuity,resolution ratio and contrast in 4 K group,and also could be found on depth description and senseof controls in 3D group.CONCLUSION: Comparing with the traditional two-dimensional system during laparoscopiccolorectal surgery,4 K system could apply better resolution ratio,control coordination of visual angle,visual acuity andcolor resolution. 3D system could apply better depth description and sense of controls.